decimal Index Indices
After creating an analysis (An analysis is a table/chart created by dragging variables from the project tree into the analysis zone of Harmoni) , you have the option to interact with the settings and change as needed to suit your specific reporting requirements. You can do this using the options available in the modify menu.
The options under format allow changing the values or calculation types displayed in your analysis. Any row or column in an analysis can display different values including counts (weighted or unweighted), percentages, averages, bases, indices and differences, etc.
The modify menu is available to Creators and Explorers. Viewers can also interact with these features when they have access to dashboards, or stories, where the analysis can be zoomed.
In this article:
- Add/Replace switch
- Analysis calculation type options (count, percentages, bases, averages, etc.)
- Display settings adjustment
- Rounding in Harmoni
1. Add/Replace Switch
The add/replace switch, in the modify menu, enables the creation of tables that show either a single calculation type (using replace) or multiple calculation types (using add).
a) Replace
While the add/replace switch is on replace, any calculation type selection will replace the calculation type for the cell(s) currently selected. If no cells are selected the new calculation type is applied to the entire table).
b) Add
Adding calculation types will follow the pattern of your table.
- In an analysis with a single axis, where there are already two calculation types in the across direction (e.g., The first column has percentages and the second has counts), new calculation types are added as a new column. The only exception is when adding differences (DIFF).
- In an analysis with a cross-tab or a grid, where there are two calculation types in the down direction, new calculation types are added as a new row. The only exception is when adding differences (DIFF).
Harmoni will only allow you to add calculation types in the same direction (down or across). For example in a cross-tab where there are two calculation types in the down direction, even when you select a column the option to add/replace won't be available. The only exception is when adding differences (DIFF).
To have multiple types in the other direction:
- Use the replace option to change your analysis to have just one calculation type.
- To start adding calculation types to the columns, first select the columns and use add mode.
- To add to rows, select the rows and then use add mode to add additional calculation types.
Learn more about analysis default settings.
2. Analysis calculation type options
| Icon | Standard Axes | Standard Axes with Values | Analysis with Measures |
| Averages | Averages | Averages | |
| Typically 1.0, i.e. Sum of values divided by the Count of data records in the cell | Sum of values divided by the count of data records in the cell with a value. | Sum of values divided by the count of data records with value. | |
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Indices |
Indices | Indices |
| Proportional difference between an element's percentage and the reference's percentage. | Proportional difference between an element's percentage and the reference's percentage. | Proportional difference between an element's percentage and the reference's percentage. | |
| Weighted Counts | Weighted Counts | Weighted Counts | |
| Weighted count of data records for an element. If there are no weights, this is the same as the unweighted count (u123). | Same as standard axes. | Weighted count of data records with a value. | |
| Unweighted Counts | Unweighted Counts | Unweighted Counts | |
| Unweighted count of data records for an element. | Same as standard axes. | Unweighted count of data records with a value. | |
| Percentages | Percentages | Percentages | |
| Weighted count divided by the weighted Base. | Same as standard axes. | Weighted count of data records with a value in the measure divided by the count of data records included in all measures in the dimension. | |
| Percentage of Responses | Percentage of Values, Responses | Percentage of Values | |
| Weighted count divided by the weighted sum of responses. | The sum of values divided by the total sum value of responses across all elements included in the dimension. | Weighted sum value divided by the total sum value (base) across all measures included in the dimension. | |
| Sum of Responses | Sum of Values/Responses | Sum of Values | |
| Weighted sum of responses. If there are no weights, this is the same as the unweighted sum of responses (uƩ). Because each data record can only appear once in an element of a Standard Axis, this is the same as the Weighted Counts. |
The weighted count multiplied by the value assigned to the element. | The sum of each data record's weight multiplied by its measure value. | |
| Sum of Indices | Sum of Indices | Sum of Indices | |
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Sum of Indices doesn't have an icon in the modify menu. It will show when the analysis includes ∑ and IND. |
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Proportional difference between an element's ∑% and the reference's ∑% |
Proportional difference between an element's ∑% and the reference's ∑%. |
Proportional difference between an element's ∑% and the reference's ∑%. | |
| Unweighted Sum of Responses | Unweighted Sum of Values/Responses | Unweighted Sum of Values | |
| The unweighted count of responses. | Unweighted count of responses multiplied by the value of the response. | The unweighted sum of values in the measure. | |
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Unweighted Base | Unweighted Base | Unweighted Base |
| Unweighted count of data records in Base. |
Same as standard axes. |
Unweighted count of data records included in any measure in the dimension. |
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| uB∑ | Unweighted Sigma Base | Unweighted Sigma Base | Unweighted Sigma Base |
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Unweighted sigma base doesn't have an icon in the modify menu. It will show when the analysis includes ∑ (Sum of Responses) and uB (Unweighted Base). |
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Unweighted sum of responses in Base. |
Same as standard axes. |
In an analysis with a measure or average, add uB (Unweighted Base) when ∑ (Sum of Responses) is in the analysis table. Unweighted sum of values in the base. |
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| Weighted Base | Weighted Base | Weighted Base | |
| Weighted count of data records in Base. If there are no weights this is the same as the unweighted base (uB). | Same as standard axes. | Weighted count of data records included in any measure in the dimension. | |
| BΣ | Weighted Sigma Base | Weighted Sigma Base | Weighted Sigma Base |
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Sigma base doesn't have an icon in the modify menu. Add B (Weighted Base) when ∑ (Sum of Responses) is in the analysis table, and B∑ will show as well. Weighted total sum of responses of the data records in the Base. If there are no weights this is the same as the unweighted base (uB). |
Same as standard axes. |
Sigma base doesn't have an icon in the modify menu. Add B when ∑ (Sum of Responses) is in the analysis table and B∑ will show. Weighted sum value of the data records included in any measure in the dimension. |
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| Differences | Differences | Differences | |
| Difference between an element and the reference. | Same as standard axes. | Difference between the measure and the reference. | |
Calculating Indices
An index allows you to see whether an item is performing better or worse than the average. Harmoni compares the percentages in a row to a reference in the same row to create a value above or below 100. Indices display the relative size of each cell compared to the reference.
In the following table, the total is the reference and the three travel style elements in the same row are compared to the total. Indices are calculated by dividing each cell percentage in the row by the total percentage for the same row and multiplying by 100. The index is rounded to display a whole number.
For Australia, Package and Independent travel over index, while Tour under indexes.
3. Display settings adjustment
a) Decimal Options
Harmoni has two default settings when displaying decimal places:
- Axis - No decimals displayed
- Measure - 2 decimal places displayed
You can select the number of decimals, up to 4 decimal places, using the drop down options under a calculation type.
- Calculation type icons that display an arrow below them can access the decimal place options.
- Up to four decimal places can be selected for values that have this option.
- Decimal places are set independently for each value type.
b) Base Options
Cell Base
This is the default selection, as typically the desire is for bases in the analysis to be cell-based.
- Each column has a different base for column-based percentages.
- Each row has a different base for row-based percentages.
Total Base
Percentages and/or averages are calculated by dividing the counts for an individual cell by the table total (usually on the top-left cell of the table).
Total Base (Totals Only)
This option allows for the Total row to have a different directional base to the rest of the table.
Apply Total Filter to Base
For analysis containing an applied base.
c) Percentage Display Options
There are three options for displaying percentages in Harmoni.
- When you click the % icon in Harmoni, the default option is to display the percentage symbol next to the weighted count in each cell of the analysis table. When you visualize the data, the percentage symbol is also displayed on the graph.
Click the arrow below the % icon to access the additional two display options for percentages.
- Show Ratio: It can be useful to display ratios instead of percentages. Select a row or an item and click Show Ratio to display it as a ratio. If you click Show Ratio with no selections made the whole table will display ratios for all percentages. Ratios are also displayed when you visualize.
- Hide %: It's not always necessary to display the percentage symbol in the analysis table or graph. Apply to the whole table or select specific rows or items. This feature can be useful for single number displays.
Note: Pie, Donut, and Semi Donut Graphs display a share percentage that is not affected by the display options in the modify menu. The table percentages, which you can add to the table, respond to these display options.
Learn more about Pie Graphs
4. Rounding in Harmoni
Bankers Rounding (Rounding to the nearest Even).
Bankers Rounding is an algorithm for rounding quantities to integers (whole numbers), in which numbers that are equidistant from the two nearest integers are rounded to the nearest even integer. This is the default rounding option in Harmoni.
We round 0.5 to the nearest even digit.
Example:
- 7.5 rounds up to 8 (because 8 is an even number)
- but 6.5 rounds down to 6 (because 6 is an even number)
Bankers rounding is unbiased. Over the course of many roundings, all the .5's will round equally up and down. This gives a better estimation of actual unrounded results. For example, the sum of the rounded values will be close to the sum of the unrounded values.
Other common rounding methods such as rounding-up in Excel will, over a large number of rounded values, bias away from the unrounded total.
Bankers rounding (or Round half-to-even) is the default rounding mode used in IEEE 754 computing functions and operators and is considered the standard in financial and statistical operations.
School Rounding (Rounding away from Zero)
School Rounding is an alternative rounding option available in Harmoni that can be set as the default instead of Bankers Rounding.
Using School Rounding, midpoint values (0.5) are rounded to the next number away from zero. This is the most widely known form of rounding.
Example:
- 7.5 rounds up to 8 (because 8 is further away from zero)
- 6.5 rounds up to 7 (because 7 is further away from zero)
- -7.5 rounds down to -8 (because -8 is further away from zero)
Rounding applies to the full number based on the number of decimal places selected. If the source number is 12 decimal places, then rounding will be applied to the full 12 decimals, even if Harmoni displays fewer decimal places. For example, Harmoni may display 13.5, which would round to 14, but if the source number is 13.499999, then the number rounds to 13 because 0.49999 is not the exact midpoint.
The type of rounding is applied at site level, so ensure all users prefer School Rounding before requesting changes to the default setting.
Rounding on Export
- When exporting to Excel, Harmoni exports numbers with the same number of decimal points as shown in Harmoni.
- When exporting to PowerPoint graphs, Harmoni plots the full number but displays the rounded number.
- For example, in a graph, we plot 2.61 and 2.65, so the 2.61 appears lower, but they both show 2.6.
- When exporting to PowerPoint tables, Harmoni exports numbers with the same number of decimal points as shown in Harmoni.
Where to from here?
Learn more about the analysis in Harmoni.